Climate Change

  • aka Global Warming

Weather vs Climate

  • Climate: long term
  • Weather: very short term

Factors of Weather

  • Temperature
    • Celcius / Fahrenheit
  • Humidity
    • If humidity is too high, water vapour will fall as precipitation
    • %r.h. - how much of a given vol of air is saturated with water vapour
  • Rainfall - mm
  • Wind
    • Speed - m/s; km/h
    • Direction - NSEW

Factors affecting Climate

  • Solar calendar
    • 24h for earth to rotate on its axis
    • 365 days for earth to orbit the sun
  • Earth is tilted 23.5 degrees on its axis
  • Earth is mostly spherical
    • Angle of incidence of light rays are different
      • At the equator the sunlight directly hits head on
      • at the poles the angle is smaller
  • Every 1km up, 6.5 degrees cooler
    • aka normal lapse rate
  • Darker surfaces absorb more heat than lighter surfaces
    • aka albedo
  • Proximity of coast